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UNDERSTANDING THE ORAL LAW
By
Harvey A. Smith
Is what is called the Torah Sheba'al
Peh (Oral Law) really G-d's Holy Word
The real issues facing us today is: Are we in Messianic
Judaism following
the Torah min Hashaymyim,( the Torah from Heaven), which
we call Biblical
Judaism, for want of a better word, or are the Rabbinic
Jews of the
Orthodoxy which call their faith, Torah Judaism really
the keepers of the
Torah Min Hashomaim.
Have the Orthodox Rabbis, kept the covenant with the
Almighty? Is the
Torah She-bik-htab,( The Written Law) taught and its
precepts kept, or is the
Torah Sheb'al Peh, the oral law, the covenant that the
Rabbis teach and try
to keep.. Mixed in with all this is the Gramatria of
Cabalah which allows
one to re arrange the letters of a word in Torah to mean
something
different than the literal meaning.
To quote the Chief Rabbi of Great Britain, Dr. I
Jakobovits and Mr Chaim
Schimmel, a lawyer and co-founder and chairman of the
Hovevey Torah
educational movement, plus being the Chairman of Yeshiva
Etz Chaim, and
convenor of the A.O.J.S. speakers panel to British
Universities...
"The Jewish people are frequently called "The
People of the Book, yet if
one were to search out a people who follow literally the
Bible's behest,
one might be led to the Samaritans, who still practise
their religion on
the outskirts of Shechem (Nablus) or the Karaites who are
now settled to
the south of modern Tel-Aviv,(Israel), but NEVER TO THE
JEWISH PEOPLE.
THEY DO NOT NOW FOLLOW THE LITERAL WORD OF THE BIBLE,
NOR HAVE THEY EVER DONE SO.
They have been fashioned and ruled by the verbal
interpretation of the
Written word, more particularly by the "Torah"
which embraces both the
written and the Oral law"
Make no mistakes about it, no matter what they call
themselves, they do not
follow the literal covenant that Moshe gave them at Mt
Sinai.
Could it be that this is the sin that has kept our people
in exile for over
1900 years??
Certainly we cannot fault the Rabbis for writing
commentaries of the Torah,
a practice that every religion and denomination has
followed to explain the
Word of G-d... and for sure we cannot fault the Rabbis
for trying to explain
the code of Law that is contained within our covenant
with the Almighty.
But to claim that the Torah Sheb'al Peh, the Oral Law is
from G-d and was
given by Moses at Sinai and is as Holy as the Written
Torah can very well be
the sin of the Fathers which is passed from one
Generation to the other.
Hence is the Torah Sheb'al Peh, a Torah at all??
Certainly the Experts of Jews for Judaism who claim Torah
Judaism as their
Faith, know that they do not practice the Torah as is
written, so do not be
deceived by Titles...We in Messianic Judaism are not
Samaritans or Karaites...
We are the inheritors of the Torah from Heaven, to keep
it pure and to share
the Revelation of Messiah with our people, which is the
true Torah. We also
have a halacha, It is in the New Covenant the 16 letters
which were written to
show us how to fulfill and live in the Joy of the New
Covenant. In this article i
will endeavor explore the Oral Tradition of the Orthodoxy
of Rabbinic Judaism
and will show where it veered off the path of Biblical
Judaism, the Judaism of
Mosheh Rabbanu (Moses).
TORAH1, THE ORAL TRADITION,(SHEBE'AL PEH)
IS THE SHEBE'AL PEH (THE ORAL LAW OF
THE RABBIS) A TORAH?
IS THE SHEBE'AL PEH INSPIRED BY THE ALMIGHTY?
WAS THE SHEBE'AL PEH GIVEN TO MOSES AT SINAI BY G-D?
DOES THE SHEBE'AL PEH OF THE RABBIS' EQUAL IN INSPIRATION
TO THE "TORAH SHE-BIKHTAB" (THE WRITTEN TORAH)?
These are the pertinent questions that we must answer.
According to Rabbi
Neusner, a foremost Talmudist, the Oral Tradition really
begins with Rabbi
Akiba in the end of the First century, and reaches its
height in the second
century under Judah HaNasi with the codifying of the
Mishnah, the central
core of the Oral Tradition.
The two main arguments that are used in Rabbinic Judaism
to prove that the
Oral Tradition has its origins at Sinai are as follows:
I) "That it is difficult, if not impossible, to make
sense of the written law, without
an oral tradition" (Talmud Shabbat 31A). Rabbi
Hillel, a Babylonian Rabbi who
existed during the time of the Messiah, even went
further, to say that without an
oral tradition, it is impossible to even identify the
letters of the alef-Bet" (alphabet).
II)"That there are principles of Oral Law which date
back from the same time
as the written law."
III) The Rabbis had made note that they must now share
the Torah with the
Nations of the world (due to the rise of Christianity),
so that the differences
between the true people of G-d would become clouded.
Since the Rabbis'
considered that the gentiles had stolen Torah from them,
the only way for G-d
to discern between the true people of G-d was through the
Sheba'al Peh"
.(Tanh.,Ki Tissa, 58b)
When the Gentiles would say to G-d, we are the true
children of the L-rd
because we keep the Torah, the L-rd would respond to
them:
"do you know my secret?" They would respond:
What secret. and the L-rd
responds, my children know my secret". (R Judah,
Pes.R. 14b) That secret
is the Oral Tradition, the Torah Sheba'al Peh!"
IV) The oral tradition are the codes and rules for
observing the Mitzvot that
the Rabbis attribute to Moses. They're statement
"That the teaching which came
to us from the Mishnah of the Sages is of identical date
and origin with that which
is derived by interpretation of the Scriptural word, all
is given by One G-d and
communicated by one and the same Prophet", must be
rejected. It is noted that
some statements of Mishnah date back to the time of
Joshua or even Moses.
However they were discussions of how to handle certain
leperous signs in the
camp. Another dealt with the daughters of Zelophehad when
they first settled
in the land of Israel. These tractates were by the Rabbis
considered amongst the
first Mishnayot. And as we shall see later that even the
framers of the Mishnah
did not intend that they should become Scripture but when
the overwhelming
majority of Rabbis began to subscribe to the notion that
the Mishnah was so
powerful that it was even more precious than the Torah.
(Num.R., Naso, xiv, 10.),
the framers of the Oral tradition succumbed to the
majority and Oral Tradition
became the modis operandi of Rabbinic Judaism.
Of course all this hinges on the Rabbinic theory that
Moses did not receive
the entire Torah at Sinai (Exodus R. 41). Rabbi Akiba
asks rhetorically "and
did then Moses learn the entire Torah" and he
replies "No, G-d taught him only
the principles of Torah". Also Sefer Ha-Ikarim
III,23 states "It is not possible
to claim that G-d gave the Torah in such a way that it
should provide for all times
and all events. Moses was given only the Principles.
Of course Torah Davarim (Deut.) 31:24 states that Moses
wrote them all
down. The Book of Davarim gives testimony that the
covenant between the
Almighty and children is what G-d dictated to Moses at
Sinai and Moses
spoke to the Children of Israel to keep. The warnings to
world wide
dispersion for breaking the Torah She-bikhtab(Written
Law) are a sinister
spector of prophecy that warn us to go back to the Bible.
This article is the result of my personal study and the
quotes come out
of several books: "The Oral Law" by H. Chaim
Schimmel, "The Book of
Redemption" by Ramban (Nachmanides), "Rabbinic
Anthology" by Moses
Montifiore.
DID THE RABBIS TRY TO BUILD SAFEGUARDS AROUND THEIR
WRITINGS IN ORDER TO PRESERVE THE WRITTEN WORD OF G-D?
The Rabbis' intended to safeguard their writings and
legislative capabilities by:
1. "Rabbinic legislation was not
to be misrepresented as though it were
inspired by prophecy.
2. Nor was it to be misrepresented as though it were
Torah legislation
3. Torah law and decisions of earlier Bet Dins were not
to be abrogated
4. The will of the People
5. The Will of G-d
6. The Will of the Bet Din
Because of these severe restrictions, the Rabbis sought
other means or
loopholes to create new laws. First they developed what
is called "Legal
Fiction, where a statement which is known to be Untrue,
but no debate is
allowed to make it invalid or denied, so some new law
could be enacted."
(If their laws were of G-d and not man made, there would
not have been this
need to lie and then go around the old law to bring in a
new more workable
law)
Once again to quote Mr Schimmel (The Oral law pg 57)
"Yabneh was a time of
comparative calm in the midst of political upheavels in
the land, and the SAGES
FELT THAT THEY MUST GRASP THE OPPORTUNITY TO ESTABLISH
THE AUTHORITY OF HALACHAH."(So evidently before
Yabneh 1 century
CE, Halachah was not the established authority in the
Jewish communities and
certainly did not come from Moshe MeSinai)(This is
recorded in the Talmud for
all to see).
The classic example of "Legal Fiction" is
Hillel's famous Pruzbal (Gittin 36a)
Hillel cited a pretence that a person's debt was assigned
to the Bet Din
until after the Sabbatical Year. The reason for this was,
during the
Sabbatical Year according to Torah Law, all debts were to
be forgiven.
By doing the above they kept the man in debt for after
the Sabbatical Year
the man's debt was reassigned by the Bet Din back to the
lender, thus
successfully circumventing the law which said "His
debts shall be forgiven"
That they say was fulfilled by the lender, who forgave
everyone their debts
during that year.(Note he had already passed ownership of
the debts to the
Bet Din, so he did not have any debtors to fulfill the
law.) Remember it
is the Almighty who looks on the heart.
No wonder Yeshua said "Why do you transgress the
Words of G-d for your
ordinances" "You despise the Word of G-d by
your Ordinances" Matt 15:3-7
and again " because this people has come near with
their mouth and has
honored me with their lips, but their heart is far from
me and their
REVERENCE TOWARD ME IS THE COMMANDMENTS OF MEN
WHICH HAVE BEEN TAUGHT"
(The Gospel of Matthew according to primitive Hebrew
Text)
MISHNAH
It would be wrong to continue this
discussion without a comment or two on
the Mishnah. i am quoting again from "The Oral
Law"
"The Mishnah is the basis of the Oral Law which is
known to us, and its
formulation was entirely the work of the SAGES. THERE IS
NO SUGGESTION
THAT THE TEXT OF THE MISHNAH IS OF DIVINE ORIGIN."
"The Mishnah comprises a simple statement of the law
or of a difference in
Rabbinic opinion concerning the Law and DOES NOT SEEK
SCRIPTURAL PROOF."
What the Rabbis' failed to see was that by circumventing
the rules of
Safeguards, they removed from themselves all traces of
accountability.
Anyone Rabbi could change the laws according to his or
her whims, without
any type of accountability. Certainly if they had stayed
within their
parameters, many of their decisions and legislations
would have been widely
accepted by the people instead of them rebelling against
the harsh
oppression of Rabbinic Rules that have been handed down
as from G-d and
Moses at Sinai, in direct opposition to their own rules
of conduct.
Because of these great Sins of the Rabbis' our people
have been kept
captive, until now. Thank G-d, that He is bringing our
people back to
Eretz Yisrael, according to Ezekiel 36, and Isa. 11,
where it is not for
Israel's sake but for G-d's Holy Name Sake, which they
have profaned amongst
the heathen when they said "We are the people of the
L-rd and have left His
land."
In conclusion, the reason Halachah is so great a Sin, is
that the people
were taught these were G-d's Laws, so now when a person
rebells against one
of these Rabbinic Laws, they believe they are rebelling
against G-d.
Soo the rebellion becomes a hatred for G-dly things.
We have a similiar problem in Messianic Faith. There are
some Shepherds
who heap laws and legalism unto their sheep, causing them
to rebell and do
the same thing. Let us not Add to the Words of the
Almighty or detract
from them. Let us fulfill the New Covenant Mitzvot by
doing those things
that are acceptable to HaShem.
There is much to be learned in Rabbinic Literature.
There is much to understand especially in the area of
Torah Law.
Remember the Rabbis' were not only concerned with Law but
of how to keep
our people together during this harsh exile and to govern
when allowed our
little communities amongst the sea of Gentile nations.
IS THE HALACHAH (ORAL TRADITION) OF THE RABBIS
BASED ON TORAH OR GRECIAN PHILOSOPHY?
I have said before that i believed
that Orthodox Halachah, was based
primarily on Philosophy and Logic rather than the Torah
from Heaven.
The Rabbis during the age of the Mishnah, (100-250 CE),
made it rather
plain that they were following the Torah MeEretz, rather
than the Torah
from Heaven. A heavy dispute between two Rabbis on the
issue, caused the
dismissal of one from the Sanhedrin.
This principal is known as "S'Bara". The Talmud
ascribes the authority for
many Halachic laws as being "S'Bara".
"What need is there for basing the
decision on a Biblical verse"."It is
S'Bara", meaning the decision is
logical so therefore Torah, whether or not it is based on
the Torah.
(page 3 Not in Heaven by foremost Orthodox Talmudist,
Eliezer Berkovits)
With the re-establishment of the Nation of Israel, the
Halachists found
themselves in a quandry. While in exile, all they could
think was that
halachah had many problems there because it was laws
written for Jews
who were supposed to be living in the Land of Israel.
Now back in the land, they have found according to Rabbi
Berkovits that the
Halachah is also alien to Eretz Yisrael (land of Israel).
In his book, Not in Heaven, Rabbi Berkovits is calling
for a total
re-evaluation of halachah, calling it the captive of the
Galut, (Exile).
This more than ever points to the fallacies of halachah
of being only the
work of man and not of the Almighty. The problem with
Rabbi Berkovits
answers to the problems of Halachah is that he wants to
keep using it to
get around the Biblical Torah laws, especially that which
is connected to
the land and the debts of individuals.
"Shmitta". These are the very
abuses that caused our exile in the first place.
I heartily suggest the reading of the book "Not in
Heaven" published by Ktav
as to an understanding of the "Nature and Function
of Halakha"
While we suscribe to the fact, that there are many
Halachic rules that are
good, we must also suscribe to the Halacha, the position
of commentary, and
explanation. There is a treasure of History within the
Halachaic reports
as well.
As Jews and Messianic Believers we must totally reject
the premise that the
Sheba'al Peh is in fact a Torah, which was given to Moses
at Sinai.
***************************************************************************
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